NOGALL
Target Disease: Crown Gall Disease
Description: Prevent Crown Gall Disease with NOGALL. NOGALL is highly effective prevention of crown gall disease in non-food bearing almond, pecan, apricot, caneberry, cherry, nectarine, peach, plum, walnut, non-food euonymus, and rose.
NOGALL is a biological control treatment for Crown Gall Disease. NOGALL product contains a pure culture of the non-pathogenic soil bacterium Rhizobium rhizogenes (formerly Agrobacterium radiobacter), strain K1026, contained in a pre-sterilised, fine-divided peat medium. Strain K1026 cells can colonise wounded plant tissue and block infections by the predominant crown gall-causing pathogenic agrobacteria that infect nut trees (almonds, walnuts, etc), stone fruit trees (peach, plum, apricot, cherry, etc), roses, euonymus and many other horticultural crops.
Note: NOGALL is currently registered in AZ, CA, ID, FL, MI, NC, NJ, NY, OR, TN and WA. We can only ship NOGALL to these states.
Please let us know if you would like to get NOGALL registered in your state
One 250 gram will make 2.5 gallons of solution, which treats up to 37.5 lbs seeds, 1,000 to 2,500 seedlings and up to 500 larger transplants
Target Disease: Crown Gall Disease
Description: NOGALL is a biological control treatment for Crown Gall Disease. NOGALL product contains a pure culture of the non-pathogenic soil bacterium Rhizobium rhizogenes (formerly Agrobacterium radiobacter), strain K1026, contained in a pre-sterilised, fine-divided peat medium. Strain K1026 cells can colonise wounded plant tissue and block infections by the predominant crown gall-causing pathogenic agrobacteria that infect nut trees (almonds, walnuts, etc), stone fruit trees (peach, plum, apricot, cherry, etc), roses, euonymus and many other horticultural crops.
Strain K1026 in NOGALL is special because it was developed to protect against the risk of conjugal transfer of the antibiotic producing plasmid from K1026 to pathogenic agrobacteria, thereby blocking the chance for immunity transfer and thus protecting the long-term effective use of this unique biocontrol agent. Nurseries worldwide have benefited from its ability to control crown gall infections for several decades. NOGALL is a robust product, has a long shelf-life, can be ordered well ahead of time and stored in a refrigerator, is easy to use and is safe for humans, animals, birds, insects, aquatic organisms and the environment.
Crown Gall Disease: Crown gall is a neoplastic disease of many dicotyledonous plants that is caused by five main groups of soil and plant-inhabiting, ubiquitous, pathogenic agrobacteria: Agrobacterium tumefaciens (biovar1),Rhizobium rhizogenes (formerly A. radiobacter and A. rhizogenes)(biovar2), A. vitis (biovar3), R. rubi(formerly A. rubi) and A. larrymoorei.
These bacteria are present in most agricultural soils and pathogenic forms can cause a tumour (gall) disease that affect plants in nurseries, landscapes, vineyards and orchards worldwide. Infections occur in plant wounds from damage caused by transplanting, cultivation, taking cuttings, grafting, budding and pruning. Other wounds caused by insects, animals, wind, freezing or frost conditions can also serve as sites for infection.
Pathogenic agrobacteria are attracted to chemicals leaking from plant wound sites (e.g. phenolic plant metabolites such as acetosyringone and ∝-hydroxyacetosyringone and sugars), then colonise and firmly attach to injured plant cells. The presence of these plant compounds can activate transfer of part of their tumour-inducing plasmid (T-DNA) directly into the chromosomal DNA of the host plant cells. The T-DNA, once functional inside the plant cells, code for production of plant hormones (e.g. indoleacetic acid and cytokinins) and carbon-nitrogen compounds called opines (e.g. nopaline, octopine and agrocinopines A-D). Opines become food for the resident agrobacteria that colonise around the gall tissue. Agrobacterium is the only known organism capable of interkingdom DNA transfer.
Galls are typically located on the crown of the plant at or below the soil surface but can also be found on other plant parts. Fruit trees infected with crown gall produce lower yields with variable fruit set, size and quality. In severe conditions crown gall can weaken or kill the host plant. Losses to the nursery industry can be particularly severe because plants with crown gall must be culled.
Advantages of NOGALL over petri dish cultures:
- has a long shelf-life and can be stored in any refrigerator or briefly out of cool storage before use;
- cultures are tolerant of temperature fluctuations during shipment, handling and customer storage prior to use;
- cultures are prepared as pure cultures in a protective peat medium;
- cultures can survive brief periods of freezing;
- cultures are easy to prepare and use;
- product is conveniently packaged in small craft cardboard boxes and outer cardboard to protect the cultures during storage and handling;
- cultures are based on strain K1026, developed to protect the long term use of this biocontrol agent;
- cultures survive well after application because of the unique formulation helping to adhere and protect the control bacteria;
- cultures are produced from a natural soil bacterium which is safe for humans, animals,insects and the environment;
- cultures have proved their efficacy around the world over many decades.
APPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS
Germinating Seed Application to seeds of almond, apricot, cherry, nectarine, peach, pecan, plum, and walnut: Dip 15 pounds of seed into a suspension of Nogall prepared by adding 3.5 oz (100 g) of Nogall to 1 gallon of clear, unchlorinated water in a clean container. The surface of the seed must be thoroughly wet. Remove the seed from the suspension, drain off excess liquid and sow immediately. DO NOT ALLOW SEED TO COMPLETELY DRY BEFORE SOWING.
Root and Stem Application to non-food bearing almond, pecan, apricot, caneberry, cherry, nectarine, peach, plum, walnut and non-food euonymus and rose: Treat seedlings of stone fruit trees, nut trees, spindle trees and roses with Nogall within 2 hours of lifting, root pruning or other handling operations that damage plant tissue and before and after cold storage. Dip or spray bare rootstock with Nogall suspension 3.5 oz (100g) of Nogall to 1 gallon of clear, unchlorinated water until root surfaces and the stem above the bud or graft union are completely wet, or spray these tissues to runoff. Replace treatment suspension after treating the equivalent of 1,000 plants/gallon of suspension or sooner when larger trees are dipped or when the suspension becomes excessively dirty. Larger plants may require 10-15 gallons of suspension per 5,000 plants. Protect treated plants from direct sunlight and excessive drying by storing in a cool, humid area or heeled-in clean moist material such as sphagnum or sawdust. Treated plants must be protected from drying during transport to the planting site and during the planting operation.
Cutting Application to non-food bearing almond, apricot, caneberry, cherry, nectarine, peach, pecan, plum and walnut and non-food euonymus and rose: Treat cuttings by dipping clean basal ends in a suspension of Nogall prepared by adding 3.5 oz (100 g) of Nogall to 1 gallon of clear, unchlorinated water in a clean container. Treated cuttings must be protected from drying and direct sunlight by storing in a cool, humid area until they are placed in rooting media. When using alcohol-based rooting compounds, dip cuttings in accordance with directions, allow to dry for 2 hours and then treat with Nogall. Treat cuttings with Nogall before and after cold storage. MIXING DIRECTIONS Nogall is shipped as packs of either 3.5 oz (100 g) or 17.6 oz (500 g) of concentrated, moist peat bacterial cultures. There are at least 1,000 million colony-forming units of Agrobacterium radiobacter strain K1026 per gram of product. Stir vigorously and periodically stir solution during use. A 3.5 oz (100 g) or 17 .6 oz (500 g) pack properly mixed in water will treat 1,000 and 5,000 bare root seedlings (1/4 inch caliper), respectively. DO NOT HOLD SUSPENSION FOR MORE THAN 8 HOURS.